1. Micro-macro linkage
  2. Trade
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Case study: A gender-focused macro-micro analysis of the poverty impacts of trade liberalization in south africa

  1. Margaret Chitiga  Is a corresponding author
  2. John Cockburn  Is a corresponding author
  3. Bernard Decaluwé  Is a corresponding author
  4. Ismael Fofana  Is a corresponding author
  5. Ramos Mabugu  Is a corresponding author
  1. University of Pretoria, South Africa
  2. Université Laval, Canada
  3. Research and Policy Director, Financial and Fiscal Commission, South Africa
Research note
Cite this article as: M. Chitiga, J. Cockburn, B. Decaluwé, I. Fofana, R. Mabugu; 2010; Case study: A gender-focused macro-micro analysis of the poverty impacts of trade liberalization in south africa; International Journal of Microsimulation; 3(1); 104-108. doi: 10.34196/ijm.00028
2 figures and 3 tables

Figures

Mean monthly income by gender (1999).
Household and gender time allocation.

Tables

Table 1
Household income and expenditure effects (in percent).
South Africa Residential area Head of household Population group
Urban Rural Male head Female head Black Colored Asian White Unspecified
All incomes 0.04 0.09 −0.27 0.06 −0.04 0.04 0.05 0.16 0.00 0.46
Income taxes −0.21 −0.21 −0.16 −0.23 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.05 −0.29 0.12
Transfers out 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Savings 0.22 0.44 −1.22 0.40 −0.10 0.07 0.02 0.23 2.67 1.68
Consumption 0.05 0.09 −0.13 0.07 −0.02 0.04 0.07 0.12 0.05 0.05
Consumer price index 0.92 0.89 1.05 0.90 0.99 0.86 0.79 1.19 0.99 0.72
EV/Initial income −0.23 −0.21 −0.35 −0.24 −0.15 −0.17 −0.11 −0.17 −0.31 −0.33
Table 2
Poverty and inequality indexes (in percent).
Initial values Variation
P0 P1 P2 Theil index P0 P1 P2 Theil index
South Africa 53.0 25.3 15.0 1.6 0.29 0.26 0.20 0.06
Residential area
Urban 42.4 18.4 10.2 1.6 0.23 0.21 0.14 −0.01
Rural 68.3 35.4 22.1 1.0 0.37 0.34 0.27 0.07
Head of household
Male 43.6 19.5 11.1 1.6 0.19 0.22 0.15 0.03
Female 65.8 33.4 20.5 0.8 0.43 0.32 0.26 0.03
Population group
Black household 61.0 29.5 17.6 1.1 0.31 0.30 0.23 0.07
Colored household 36.2 14.7 7.8 0.8 0.45 0.19 0.12 0.01
Asian household 6.4 2.3 0.8 0.3 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.01
White household 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06
Unspecified household 11.4 3.1 0.8 1.7 0.00 0.08 0.04 −0.06
Table 3
Poverty indexes by gender and age.
Category Men Women Children
P0 P1 P2 P0 P1 P2 P0 P1 P2
Base Year Values (in percent)
South Africa 43.8 19.9 11.5 50.8 23.9 14.0 62.7 31.2 19.0
Urban area 35.1 14.9 8.1 41.6 18.1 10.0 51.7 22.8 12.8
Rural area 61.5 30.2 18.5 65.9 33.4 20.5 73.7 39.7 25.4
Male-headed 36.6 15.6 8.7 41.9 18.7 10.6 53.6 24.9 14.6
Female-headed 66.0 33.2 20.3 59.4 28.9 17.3 72.6 38.1 23.9
Black 51.8 23.8 13.9 60.1 28.5 16.8 68.9 34.7 21.3
Colored 30.8 11.9 6.1 34.6 14.3 7.7 43.0 17.6 9.3
Asian 5.5 2.0 0.8 2.9 1.0 0.3 12.3 4.3 1.6
White 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Unspecified 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.9 2.1 0.6 21.8 5.8 1.6
Variations after simulation (in percent)
South Africa 0.22 0.22 0.16 0.31 0.26 0.19 0.32 0.30 0.23
Urban area 0.26 0.17 0.11 0.26 0.21 0.15 0.15 0.25 0.17
Rural area 0.13 0.32 0.24 0.39 0.34 0.27 0.50 0.35 0.29
Male-headed 0.19 0.19 0.13 0.23 0.21 0.15 0.14 0.26 0.19
Female-headed 0.30 0.31 0.25 0.38 0.31 0.23 0.53 0.35 0.28
Black 0.23 0.26 0.19 0.35 0.31 0.23 0.33 0.33 0.26
Colored 0.42 0.17 0.10 0.37 0.18 0.12 0.55 0.22 0.15
Asian 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.05
White 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Unspecified 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.15 0.08

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