Economic modelling of the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Australia – the diabetes model
- University of Canberra, Australia
Tables
Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Related Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes.
| Risk Factor | Metrics and Threshold Values |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Agea | Six categories of ten year age groups from 25–34 years up to 75+ years |
| Incomeb: | |
| • Low • Medium • High • Unknown |
≤ $399 per week $400 – $799 per week ≥ $800 per week Unknown Income |
| Waist Circumference: | |
| • Not Obesec • Obesed • Very Obesed |
< 102/88 cm (male/female) 102/88 – 108.05/96.925 cm (male/female) ≥ 108.05/96.925 cm (male/female) |
| Abnormal Cholesterole | High-density lipoprotein < 1.03/1.29 mmol/l (male/female) |
| Hypertensione | Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg |
| Exercisea: | |
| • Sufficient • Insufficient • Sedentary |
> 150 minutes of physical activity time per week 0 – 150 minutes of physical activity time per week 0 minutes physical activity time per week |
| Smokinga: | |
| • Current • Ex-Smoker • Never |
Smokes at least daily Smokes less than daily for at least the last three months, but used to smoke daily Smoked less than 100 cigarettes over lifetime |
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a
These variable definitions are as specified in the AusDiab survey (refer to Dunstan et al. 2001 and the AusDiab data dictionary available at www.diabetes.com.au/AusDiab2000datadictionary).
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b
The threshold values are based on an aggregation across the seven income ranges reported in the AusDiab survey. The median gross weekly income in Australia in 1999–00 was $535 (ABS 2001).
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c
The 102/88 cm (male/female) measurements are commonly accepted clinical threshold values.
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d
The 108.05/96.925 cm (male/female) values are an empirical threshold that splits the group of people with waist circumference ≥ 102/88 cm (male/female) into equal sizes.
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e
These threshold values were advised by an expert Advisory Group to the project based on clinical experience and with reference to commonly accepted medical guidelines.
RACGP Clinical Control Targets, 2008–2009.
| Measure | Clinical Target |
|---|---|
| Glycaemia (HbA1c) | ≤ 7% |
| Body mass index | < 25kg/m2 |
| Total cholesterol | < 4.0 mmol/L |
| Blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) | ≤ 130/80 mm Hg |
States of Diabetes Control.
| State of Control* | Controlled | Not Controlled | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycaemic | Weight | Lipids | BP | Glycaemic | Weight | Lipids | BP | |
| 1 – GWLB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 2 – GWLb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 3 – GWlB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 4 – GWlb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 5 – GwLB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 6 – GwLb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 7 – GwlB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 8 – Gwlb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 9 – gWLB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 10 – gWLb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 11 – gWlB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 12 – gWlb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 13 – gwLB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 14 – gwLb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 15 – gwlB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| 16 – gwlb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
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*
This refers to the combination of diabetes control across the four different areas of diabetes control. ‘G’ represents glycaemic control, ‘W’ represents weight control, ‘L’ represents cholesterol control and ‘B’ represents blood pressure control. A capital letter denotes that the clinical threshold for control in that area is being met. A lower case letter denotes that the clinical threshold for control in that area is not being met.